Introduction
OGTT is a very effective test in diagnosing diabetes. This test shows how the body reacts after drinking glucose. Sometimes, even if FBS and PPBS are normal, this test reveals hidden problems. Therefore, It is very important for accurately diagnosing the risk of diabetes.
OGTT
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test is a test to monitor changes in blood sugar after consuming a certain amount of glucose. This test shows how efficiently the body is controlling glucose.
Needed
This test is most effective in identifying the early stages of diabetes. Many patients have normal FBS, but sugar rises rapidly after drinking glucose. This situation indicates hidden prediabetes. OGTT is also essential in diagnosing GDM in pregnant women.
Normal Range
According to the results after 2 hours—
Normal: Below 140 mg/dL
Prediabetes (IGT): 140–199 mg/dL
Diabetes: 200 mg/dL or more
Comparing the ranges clearly shows the patient’s glucose tolerance.
Prepare for an OGTT
Maintain regular meals and normal physical activity for the three days before the test. On the test day, stay on an empty stomach to ensure accurate readings. Drink the glucose solution at the instructed time and give blood samples at the scheduled intervals. Water is allowed, but avoid all other drinks and foods.
Result
A rapid rise in sugar often signals insulin resistance or prediabetes. Abnormal results demand a quick treatment plan. Regular follow-up improves overall control and lowers future risks.
Who should do an OGTT?
People with a family history of diabetes, excess weight, or PCOS benefit greatly from this test. Pregnant women also use it during 24–28 weeks to check for GDM.
Conclusion
OGTT gives a reliable picture of diabetes risk and shows the real response of blood glucose. The test helps you make quick decisions to control the disease. Regular monitoring lowers future complications and protects overall health.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. How long does it take to do an OGTT?
It takes about 2–3 hours, as blood tests are taken at regular intervals.
2. Can I have breakfast on the day of the test?
No, you have to go on a completely empty stomach. You can drink water.
3. Is the OGTT safe for pregnant women?
Yes, it is used worldwide for GDM screening and is generally safe.
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